| 9th
INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FORENSIC SCIENCES Sep 29th - Oct 2nd 2009 Piešťany, Slovak republic Organised by Slovak Criminalistic Society and Institute of Forensic Science of Slovak Police Forces | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1. What’s done in the dark, Bluestar brought into the light Mgr. Jana Odlerová, Ing. Andrea Poláková Department of Biology and DNA Analysis, Institute of Forensic Science, Bratislava In the case of a double murder, at the supposed scene of crime, wasn’t found any visible biological traces. Using the kit Bluestar® Forensic made the blood stains visible. DNA analysis of this blood stains was successful and the gained DNA profiles were compared with the biological material acquired from the corpses found in the well close to the scene of crime. 2. Utilization of adhesive tape in collecting touch DNA RNDr. Jana Červenáková, Ing. Adela, Kúdelová Department of Biology and DNA Analysis, Institute of Forensic Science, Košice 3. Heat damage of the body - permanent challenge for criminalistics and forensic medicine Ing. Ladislav Brenvasser, Bobrov, Longauer Department of Fingerprint Identification, Institute of Forensic Science, Košice 4. The unusual death of the repairman of tires Ing. Miroslav Pánik Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Slovenská Ľupča Last year there have been one fire death due to electrical welding on tyres. The accident/explosion happened when the repairman tried to repair a tyre-rim on a car. The idea was to heat the rim without removing the tire. The repairman died in a violent explosion. The problem is the spray used to fill small leakages. Those aerosol cylinders, sold everywhere, uses flammable gas (propan, butan). This gives tyres with explosive content and not only clean air. 5. „Spice” – a new phenomenon on the drug scene PharmDr. Katarína Jankovičová, Ing. Pavol Ulbrich Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Bratislava In the last time a new drug called „Spice” appeared on the world drug scene. Because of its legality and availability in the internet shops it is popular within the teen-agers. Spice is a mixture of aromatic extracts and herbs that release a rich aroma when burned. The plants (Canavalia maritima, Leonotis leonorus, Leonorus sibiricus, Pedicularis densiflora, Vanilla planifolia, Zornia latifolia) contained in Spice have been used ritually by ancient cultures throughout the world. The aroma of Spice provides an uplifting feeling - stimulating, euphoric and inebriating. The aim of our work was to analyse this herbal mixtures. 6. Explosion and burning of escaping diisobutylene Ing. Peter Obšitník Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Bratislava Ing. Pavol Hrdý, Ing. Štefan Hanečák Department of Electrotechnics, Electronics and Technical Diagnostics, Institute of Forensic Science, Bratislava This industrial accident happened in one Slovak chemical factory several years ago. Two employees were pumping diisobutylene from the tanks to reactor. They should flush two filters at this transfer. They thought that one filter was impassable. In fact, it was the straight - way filter. There was closed a valve at the line behind the flexible hose. The employees released two flange nuts and then followed violent outflow of diisobutylene. Explosion and the following burning of escaping diisobutylene were caused by discharge of static electricity. 7. Sex estimation by lateral angle method and metric analysis of the foramen magnum region in fragmented skeletal remains P. Panenková, Dept. of Anthropology; Comenius University; Bratislava; Slovak Republic R. Beňuš, Dept. of Anthropology; Comenius University; Bratislava; Slovak Republic S. Masnicová, Dept. of Criminalistics and Forensic Sciences; Academy of Police Forces; Bratislava; Slovak Republic D. Hojsík, Institute of Forensic Medicine; Comenius University; Bratislava; Slovak Republic In forensic anthropology sex estimation of unknown skeletal human remains is an essential task in identification of individual. Sometimes the process may be extremely complicated especially when only fragmented bones are available. For this reason, it has become important to develop sex discriminant functions for parts of the particular bones, which are usually well preserved also in fragmented material. The purpose of this study was to evaluate accuracy of sex estimation of two methods possibly used in analysis of fragmented skeletal material - metric analysis of the foramen magnum region and lateral angle method. 8. Principle of Adobe Photoshop unrolling of forensic mechanoscopics marks Ing. Peter Leška, Ing. René Kliment Tool Marks Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Slovenská Ľupča In forensic practice we often meet the requirement to document the position, shape or individual symbols of the mechanoskopics marks on round and cylindrical surfaces. In our presentation we focus on unrolling of various type cylindrical and conical surfaces with the use of the medium image editor Adobe Photoshop. This system brings excellent results at the relatively low cost. 9. Digital imaging Mgr. Peter Pobeška Department of Data Analysis and Forensic Documentation, Institute of Forensic Science, Slovenská Ľupča 10. Ice drift in river Hron - special operation pyrotechnic squad with using explosives Ing. Miroslav Turčan Department of Pyrotechnics, Institute of Forensic Science, Slovenská Ľupča 11. What can lurk on handwriting experts in their praxis? Mgr. Renáta Pavlíková, Mgr. Henrieta Dolinská, Mgr. Alena Najšlová Department of Linguistic and Handwriting Analysis, Institute of Forensic Science, Bratislava In this case we can show curious experience from handwriting praxis. For examination were submitted two different cases which were unrelated each other. 12. Forensic Botany in the Czech Reublic Jarmila Tomancová, Hana Šuláková Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Police of the Czech Republic, tomjar@centrum.cz, sulakova@centrum.cz The poster informs us about the existence of Forensic Botany within the Police of the Czech Republic. It has been practiced at the Department of Anthropology & Biology of the Institute of Criminalistics in Prague (Czech Republic) for many years. The poster displays expert examination of different kinds of plant material which can be found at a crime scene e.g. in the place of a suicide, rape, burglary, drowning etc. The first step of this examination is to decide whether the submitted samples contain some plant material or not. This is followed by the description of macro and microscopic characteristics of investigated tissues. However, the aim of an examination in the field of Forensic Botany is to carry out the taxonomical identification of the material. Dealing with very small parts of plant organs or micro traces, taxonomical identification might be sometimes very difficult and in the case of absence of typical characteristics even impossible. In relevant cases, comparison of the trace with the plant material detected at the crime scene can be done. Most of the samples are consequently examined at the Department of Chemistry. The Institute of Criminalistics in Prague is the only institution involved in Forensic Botany in the Czech Republic. Any interest in the exchange of knowledge or cooperation in the field of Forensic Botany would therefore be highly appreciated and welcome. 13. Forensic Zoology and Entomology in the Czech Reublic Hana Šuláková Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Police of the Czech Republic, sulakova@centrum.cz The poster informs us about the existence of Forensic Zoology and Entomology within the Police of the Czech Republic. It has been practiced at the Department of Anthropology & Biology of the Institute of Criminalistics in Prague (Czech Republic) for many years. Forensic Zoology covers a considerable spectrum of animal materials. There are physiological fluids, soft tissues, and skeletons of vertebrates as well as hairs of mammals, feathers of birds, and scales of fish and reptiles. But it is also the examination of invertebrates, namely all their bodies or parts of their bodies. For the purposes of zoology examinations the knowledge of serology, immunology, and histology is useful, the same way as microscopic techniques and comparative analyses. Zoological materials are the end products of illegal hunting, trade and import or export of animals as well as can be found at a crime scene e.g. in the place of a murder, suicide, rape, burglary, drowning etc. The main aim of an examination in the field of Forensic Zoology is to carry out the taxonomical identification of the material. Forensic Entomology is the interpretation of entomological evidence to help resolve a criminal investigation. Estimation of the time since death is one of the most difficult task during legal investigations especially when the classical forensic pathological methods such as measurement of body temperature, post-mortem lividity and rigidity, and chemical investigations fail as a result of the severity of decay. In contrast, Forensic Entomology which is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters can be helpful. Necrophagous insects are important in the decomposition of corpses. By calculating the age of immature insect stages feeding on a corpse and analysing the necrophagous species present, post-mortem intervals (more specifically, the colonization intervals) from the first day to several weeks can be estimated. Other uses of entomological data include the toxicological examination of necrophagous larvae form a corpse to identify and estimate drugs and toxicants ingested by the person when alive as well as determination of the geographical location of a death in question. The Institute of Criminalistics in Prague is the only institution involved in Forensic Entomology and Forensic Zoology in the Czech Republic. Any interest in the exchange of knowledge or cooperation in the field of Forensic Entomology and Zoology would therefore be highly appreciated and welcome. 14. Identification of Human Skeletal Remains: Case Study Using radiographs and entomology. Hana Eliášová (anthropology) Dr., Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Czech Republic Hana Šuláková (entomology) Dr., Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Czech Republic The important role of forensic anthropology is the identification of deceased individuals. Anthropological examination is focused on the determination of ethnic affinity, sex, age, height, individual skeletal and dental features. Namely, radiographic examination provides an excellent opportunity to discover unique features of the human skeleton to establish an identification or exclusion of a missing person. The frontal sinus is both highly variable and unique to every individual and its radiographic pattern is accepted as an ideal structure for identification purposes in a number of actual forensic cases. Subsequently, the efficient method for the identification is a superimposition test - skull to x-ray of the head. Dental structures provide useful indicators to the individual´s identification, too, e.g. analyses of manmade dental materials of fillings and especially dentition x-ray imaging assist in the identification process. Estimation of the time since death is one of the most difficult task during legal investigations especially when the classical forensic pathological methods such as body temperature, post-mortem lividity and rigidity, and chemical investigations fail as a result of the severity of decay. In such a case, forensic entomology which is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters can be helpful. Therefore insect evidence was collected at the crime scene to determine a post-mortem interval (more specifically, the colonization interval of the corpse) and location of a death in question. Examination of larvae belonging to the family Calliphoridae (Diptera) and larvae and adults belonging to the family Silphidae (Coleoptera) associated with decomposing body led to the post-mortem interval and other entomologico-forensic inferences which were later validated by the known facts. 15. Application of 3D Virtual Models in Process of Identification of Human Mummified Remains. Petra Urbanová Dr., Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Department of Anthropology, Brno, Czech Republic Hana Eliášová Dr., Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Czech Republic The contribution aims to present possibilities and limitations in the computer tomography-assisted reconstructions and three-dimensional virtual modelling in the field of forensic anthropology. Virtual models allow studying human remains non-invasively and indirectly detached from the physical reality. When applied to human corpses, fresh or mummified, they might become priceless sources of information about soft tissue and underlying hard bony layers which in some cases have the potential to lead to individual´s identification (e.g. facial morphology). As the most appreciable benefit, CT-assisted modelling enables to capture morphology of interior body components and their inner structure (e.g. dental filling, volume and shape of frontal sinuses etc.) which can reinforce the forensic anthropological examination. Moreover, virtual models can be easily transferred into physical reality by means of stereolithography. Herein reported case involved a mummified human head separated violently from body. In the process of identification, the head was examined by using a spiral multi-scanner computer tomography. Subsequently, acquired cross-sectional 2D scans were segmented and 3D volumetric model of external soft tissue surface, underlying skull and cranial cavities were generated by using AMIRA 5.0.1.software. The generated virtual models were combined with previously acquired antemortem x-rays images and by means of doing so the positive identification was confirmed. 16. Determination of antidepressant drugs in blood samples by high-performance liquid chromatography using a derivatization reagent Jagoda Kuczara, Michał Woźniakiewicz Department of Analytical Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Krakow, Poland A rapid and selective high performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for simultaneous determination of desipramine, nortriptyline and fluoxetine in blood samples. It is based on the selective reaction between 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and molecules having second amine bearing, resulting in a purple complex. Blood samples were spiked with the tested drug and a proper internal standard (nordoxepin for desipramine and nortriptyline or nortriptyline for fluoxetine) then samples were extracted using the microwave-assisted liquid-liquid extraction - a novel technique of analyte isolation from biological matrix. After extraction the dried residues were dissolved in acetonitrile solution of TCNQ, then heated for 30 minutes at 80oC. The intense purple-blue colored solutions was obtained which was further analyzed on a C-18 column by the high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection. Chromatograms were acquired at 567 nm. Method validation was performed and the limits of detection (0.03–0.05 mg/ml) and quantification (0.09–0.18 mg/ml) of analytes were determined. These values allowed determining of tested drugs present in blood at therapeutic level. 17. Counterfeiting of holograms Mgr. Pavol Masaryk Ústav kriminalistiky a kriminológie, Bratislava Development of new printing technologies caused that counterfeiting of documents is much more easier now. At the end of 20th century the producers of security documents started a protection of documents using optical variable devices (OVD) - mostly holograms. Holography (from the Greek, ????-hólos whole + ?????-grafe- writing, drawing) is a technique that allowed capture three dimensional pictures of recorded object. For a few years hologram looks like a very strong protection element, but nowadays it is not true and the hologram does not function as an effective barrier against counterfeiting anymore. 18. Study on amphetamine and related compounds stability in model samples with the utilization of GC–MS and HPLC techniques. Mária Cupáková1, Svetlana Hrouzková2, Drahomíra Rauová1, Anton Ťažký1, Ján Hrouzek3 1Toxicological and Anti-Doping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy UK, ul. Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic 2Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic 3 Hermes LabSystems, Púchovská 12, 831 06 Bratislava, Slovak Republic Amphetamine and related compounds are a major class of central nervous system stimulants. Most of them are classified as controlled or illicit substances. As they are abused, many analytical methods have been developed for their determination. GC-MS and HPLC are highly sensitive and specific methods which are often used for the analysis of different amphetamines and related compounds. In this study, the stability of model amphetamine samples and related derivatives under different temperature conditions and storage periods was evaluated. The effect of repeated sample freezing was also studied. GC-MS and HPLC methods were utilized for analytes determination. The results obtained with both techniques were compared and evaluated. This work was partly supported by the Slovak Grant Agency (project No. 1/0390/09). 19. Visco Foxray rtg Ing. Mikuláš Fekete, Unipol, s.r.o. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||